CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
of the study
In life, variations exist in the students’
academic performance. These have raised a number of pertinent questions as to
what might be responsible for these. The results from various studies have
shown that variations in academic performance among students are influenced by
parental educational background, attitudes, home and environment heredity and
intelligence.
According to scholars like Comings
(1991), Douglas (1989), Loasa (1982), and Thompson (2000), revealed that
parents with basic knowledge in Education or highly educated parents buy
suitable textbooks for their children and help them to read and understand such
book. These help their progression in their academic achievement in schools.
It is obvious that a child that
receives the preliminary study at home under this guardian excel in academic
achievement than their counterparts who do not receive such study or guardian.
Parents attitude immensely influence the academic performance of the students
in school.
According
to Balmecede (1989), Douglas (1989) Lenwer and Scacon (1990) and Wilkins (2000)
observed in their work that, how much a student achieves during his school days
is largely dependent on the type of family he belongs. They further explained
that a student whose parents take great interest on what he does at school,
support him by providing lots of books and encourage him to be creative has a
great advantage over other students whose parents do not give him such
attention.
Environment
is another indicator that influences the academic performance of students.
According to Bloom (1999: 189), “The condition forces an external stimuli that
impinge on an individual”. Home environment constitutes people and things that
make up the home surroundings of an individual and that influence his development
through life. Scholars like Banks (2001), Duberman (1999), and Leitch (2000)
observed that parental care and environment are strongly correlated and the
lower the parental care the poorer home environment.
It is
obvious that environmental problems at home especially nutritional and physical
possession, inadequacies have bearing on the health and educational performance
of the individual. Taking these environmental factors into consideration, a
child from a lower level of parental care stand the risk of school failure.
Heredity
and intelligence have been advance by scholars like Child (1997), Galton (1999)
and Jenson (2001), are possible factors which affects the students performance
in school. They observed that heredity is significantly correlated with
academic performance and other siblings, and that the son of a supposed genius
would turn out to be a genius because of inherited traits or characteristics.
According
to Eklin and Rossi (2000), parents from the upper social class who are wealthy
and have important business positions, live in luxurious homes, send their
children to high quality private secondary schools and also wish them to
succeed them. The effect may be that they constitute a menace to the family and
the society at large. The menace may range from robbery and other social
crimes. This is why Douglas (1989) and Williams (1973) put their voices to this
that parental encouragement, control and interest on what a student does in
school is essential for his continuous success at school.
According
to Cynthia (2012), the future of our world depends on responsible citizens who
possess the ability to express and resolve conflict while working together for
civil improvement. For well over a century, behaviour researchers have
attempted to understand the relation between juvenile delinquency and academic
achievement.
In the view
pertaining to academic achievement and its effect on delinquency Taylor and
Francis (2008), noted that researchers have not yet been able to established a
direct causal relation between these two variables. It has been demonstrated
that poor academic outcomes can adversely affect a child’s behaviour, and early
behavioural problems can lead to poor academic outcomes. Studies have also
shown that the rates of recidivism are highly correlated with how level of
academic performance.
1.2 Theoretical Framework
Many theories of learning haven been
put forward by several scholars. This study will examine specifically on the
following theories of learning which are relevant to the study.
PLEASE PAY FOR THE COMPLETE VERSION
THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS CHAPTER 1-5 #4,000
ONLY
PAYMENT
PROCEDURE;
BANK: FIRST BANK
ACCOUNT NAME: EGBE JOHN EDOGI
ACCOUNT NO: 3034851408
GTBANK
ACCOUNT NAME: EGBE JOHN EDOGI
ACCOUNT NO: 0122005571
PLEASE AFTER PAYMENT SEND
THE TELLER NUMBER AND YOUR NAME THE WAY IT APPEAR IN THE TELLER TO ANY OF THE
FOLLOWING PHONE NUMBER:
08037940241
08183133884
YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN
YOUR EMAIL BOX WITHIN 24 HOURS AFTER PAYMENT. THANKS FOR DOING BUSINESS WITH
US.
No comments:
Post a Comment