CHAPTER
ONE
1.1 Background of the Study
Leadership
is an art. It is a secular subject which is necessary for both expatriate and
Nigerian managers to understand. Without the knowledge and skills of leadership
your company organization is going nowhere.
Whenever
there is a good leader, you will notice a great deal of development and you
will notice prosperity. The absence of leadership can be seen clearly in the
two worlds. You will notice the absence of leaders in the spiritual or church
world. When there is lack of good leadership in the organization or secular
world, you will notice poverty, lack of development of the organization, lack
of knowledge coming due to none teaching from those expected to impact the
knowledge.
Directing
the human resources of an organization to achieve organizational goals could be
the most difficult functions of management. In big organizations like Shell and
Elf, different people from all walk of life come together to make use of the
physical resources to achieve the company’s plans. The fact that no two human
beings are the same makes leadership functions very complex.
The
leader as a human being comes into the organization with a different
aspiration, temperament and intellectuality. The way he plays his role
determines how other people perceive him. Leadership has been subjected to many
definitions. This means that there is no general opinion regarding how the term
“leadership” should be defined. This lack of opinion is not really, an outcome
of lack of assets. Many years of studies and researches have led to series of
theories and models. There are almost as
many definitions of leadership as there are researchers who have studies the
topic (and over 3000 empirical studies of leadership have been carried out)”
cited in Feldman and Aronold (1983).
However,
Nwachukwu in his book defines leadership as “a social influencing process for
attainment of goals”. He cited other scholars-Alam and Robert who defined
leadership as a process where one person (or group of persons) exert(s) social
influence over the members of a group. Elaborating on this, he states further
that “a leader is the most influential person in an organization who provides
direction, guides group activities and ensures that group objectives are
attained”. A good leader, therefore, should be able to persuade others to move
willingly and interestingly towards the achievement of group goals or
objectives.
Bernard
(1983) cited in Adag and Brief (1981) defined leadership “as the ability of one
person to influence the behavior of another”. It is, therefore noteworthy to
mention that the concept of leadership involves the concept of influence that
induces any attempt directed at influencing the behavior of others for goals
that may or may not coincide with those of the organization.
This
led us to realize that in any typical organization, leadership exists in two
forms-formal and informal. Somebody who is elected, appointed or nominated to a
position of authority is said to exercise formal leadership. While informal
leadership is exerted by a person who emerges as influential over others as a
result of possessing special skills of resources which others do not have.
The
influence a leader has helps him in obtaining and maintaining a high level of
employee-test motivation and willingness to implement decisions. In addition to
inducing subordinates, leaders in organizations usually perform very many other
important functions. Such functions as ensuring the efficient organization of
the group to perform its tasks in the most desirable way, ensuring that workers
receive essential instruction and information, proper and immediate conflict
management among subordinates, and maintenance of group cohesion and team work.
Leadership
style indicates the pattern of leadership behaviour that characterizes a
certain leader. Rue and Byers (1983) comment that studies conducted in the
1970’s by Kurt Levin, Ronald Hippit, and Ralph K White concentrated on the
manner or style of leadership, these studies identified three basic leadership
styles, autocratic, Laissez-faire and democratic”. Generally, the democratic
leader guides and encourages the group to make and participate in making decision.
A lassiez-faire leader allows individuals to make all decisions. And an
autocratic leader makes all decisions for the group. The choice of a leadership
style can be said to be determined by many factors which are leader’s
motivational structure, that is, whether he or she is primarily motivated by
talk accomplishment, by good inter-personal relationship, or cultural and
educational orientation.
Then
it is against this background described that the researcher wants to write to
write on leadership styles of expatriate and Nigerian managers, a case study of
two companies in Nigeria
THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS CHAPTER 1-5
#4000 ONLY
PAYMENT
PROCEDURE;
BANK: FIRST
BANK
ACCOUNT NAME:
EGBE JOHN EDOGI
ACT NO: 3034851408
GTBANK
ACCOUNT
NAME:
EGBE
JOHN EDOGI
ACT NO: 0122005571
Please after payment send the teller
number and your name the way it appear in the teller to any of the following
phone number:
08037940241
08183133884
egbe4u@gmail.com
You will receive your
material in your email box within 24 hours after payment. Thanks for
doing business with us.
No comments:
Post a Comment