CHAPTER
ONE
1.1 Background of the Study
Business
education skills has been defined in several ways, most of which highlighting
its vocational nature. Herrick (2000) defined business education skills as that
form of instruction that both directly and indirectly prepares the businessmen
for his calling, while Harms and Streh,(2005) considered business education skills
as the total activity which is planned, organized and developed in favour of
the preparation of youth for responsible economic participation in the country.
Business education like other manpower training programmes is usually designed
with the primary purpose of upgrading skills or providing citizens with the
necessary skills required to obtain gainful employment, that is why Robert,
(1999) defined business education as a programme designed to develop special
competencies in marketable business skills and techniques. Also Osmua, (2009)
in supporting Robert, "stated that business education is that part of
education field which deals with business experiences both for specialized
occupation uses and for general uses. Business education, of recent, has developed
into more complex kind of learning which required the knowledge of other
subjects. It is more complex with increase in technology and computerized
society; a professional must equip himself with all forms of skill to be able
to fit in our competitive business environment.
Moreover, Okab, (1999) defined
business education as "education for and about business". He went
further to explain that business education is that aspect of vocational
education which provides instruction and preparation for office occupations such
as accountant, manager, marketer, secretary, shorthand, typist or stenographer
and bookkeeper, is education for business. On the other hand, the aspect of
education which provide knowledge and understanding of the economic, financial,
marketing, accounting, management system and other branches of business
endeavour is education about business. In other words education about business
prepares students to function intelligently as consumers and citizens in a
business economy. The major objective of business is to create good relation
with the customers and be able to satisfy their needs.
The
following are some the major skills in business education:
i. Accounting skill
ii. Managerial skill
iii. Marketing skill
However, Job performance is the performance of
the duties prescribed by law and is a consequence of human activities on the
tasks of the work. Another definition of performance is the efficiency and
effectiveness of the duties of the job. This definition means that the
efficiency and effectiveness of the resource is to be used to achieve a
predetermined level (Hejazi, 2004). In this research, the performance of
assigning duties and responsibilities to employees with job performance is
considered. Performance is viewed as the implementation of an action or one’s
ability. Good performance is also related with achieving the quality, quantity,
dependability and creativity. Employee performance is considered as the
measures of the quality of human capital which is held by the organization.
According to Churchill, (1987), the determinants of performance are personal,
organizational, environmental, motivation, skill level, aptitudes and role
perceptions. The quality of employees is the important influence on
performance. Naturally, who possesses a high skill level will succeed i.e. a
person with high skills in job knowledge (unique skills, intelligence and work
methods) will succeed in his task/job. To the government, employees’ job
performance is very important because it will reflect the government performance.
Job performance becomes the most important focus of administrators and
academicians because the performance level will deteriorate if the level of
skill of employee drops. Employee is
believed to be the “backbone” of the state government services with imperative
role of ensuring that government policies and programs in the new era of
National development are implemented effectively and efficiently. As a matter
of fact, most establishment including state government are face with a crucial
question of what factors influence employee performance and inadequate
empirical information that might guide their efforts in enhancing overall job
performance among employees.
In view of evaluating employee job
performance at the work place, therefore, it is of interest the researcher to
conduct a study to examine the relationships between the skill levels of
employee and job performance. Comprehensive examinations into the possible
factors that can predict employee skill level in government establishment are imperative
in this study. Firstly, the skills of employees are significant in public
services because this factor will help the government to extend the services.
However, one of the most important duties of supervisors is performance
evaluation, and performance review evaluation of staff, and their competence
ratings. Therefore, the ultimate goal of evaluating the performance, efficiency
and effectiveness of the organization is to improve the performance of the
employees. For most organizations, the process of evaluating an active
management is employed by the direct and supervisor.
The teacher acquires the skills in
business education and effectively orients these skills to the students. These
lead to the students’ effective acquisition of skills and positively affect
their well-being as individuals in their families in particular and the nation
at large, thus addressing the nation’s sustainable development positively.
These aspects of branches call for many career opportunities in Business Education
such as retailing, wholesaling, word processing, record keeping, preparation of
financial report, auditing, consultancy services, advertising and public
relation among others. All these recommended business education as a vital tool
for entrepreneurship. It is primarily concerned with assisting the individual
to be useful and as well as improving his/herself in the business world which
will in turn lead to the improvement of the society at large. All these depend
on how effective business education curriculum is implemented by the business
educators.
1.2
Statement of the Problem
Lack
of business education skills can impose serious constraint in the quality of
staff and job performance. This will result to lack of efficient and
effective staff in an organization which will in turn affect staff performance
negatively. The effect of this increasing trend of poor performance of staff
therefore remains unknown, and thus a need for this study.
However, this study would also consider the
problem encountered in acquiring business education skills such as managerial
skills, accounting skills and marketing skills.
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